Romans 9:14–24: Mercy, Pharaoh, and the Potter
Paul faces the objection head-on: if God chooses whom to show mercy to, is he unjust? The passage answers no, grounding mercy in God's own declaration to Moses and in Pharaoh's raised-up ruin, then turning the question back on the creature who would judge the Creator.
Romans 8:18–30: Sovereignty and Suffering
Paul does not minimize the groaning of this present time. He sets it beside a glory still to be revealed and shows a God who is already at work in the waiting, subjecting creation in hope and praying through his Spirit in his people.